Energy Lessons

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States of Matter

Matter is everything around you. Matter is anything made of atoms and molecules. The universe is made up of matter and energy. Matter has mass and takes up space. Energy does not have mass and does not take up space. Energy moves matter.

 

There are three main states of matter: Solid, liquid and gas.

Solid
• Solids have a definite shape
• Molecules are tightly packed together
• Solids are malleable which means it can be molded into a new shape like clay
• Solids can be elastic which means it can be bent or twisted into a new shape and then return to the original shape like a rubberband
• Solids have very little energy
Examples: Rocks, ice, books

 

Liquid
• Liquids don’t have a definite shape
• Liquids take the form of the container they are in
• Molecules are not tightly packed
• Liquids of a medium amount of energy
Examples: Lava, water, oil

 

Gas
• Gases have no definite shape or volume
• Molecules are very spread apart
• Gases have a lot of energy
Examples: Oxygen, hydrogen, steam or water vapor

The fourth state of matter is Plasma which is a special form of matter. It that starts out as a gas and then becomes ionised when the atoms in a gas have been broken up into free-floating negative electrons and positive ions. Ions are atoms that have lost electrons and are left with a positive electric charge. Lightning, fluorescent light bulbs and neon signs are examples of plasma.

 

 

Think about it!

Below are examples of what atoms due in each of the three states of matter. What is the difference? What do you predict makes them change?

 

 

solid molecules atoms movement

 

Solid

 

 

 

liquid molecules atoms movement

 

Liquid

 

 

gas molecules atoms movement

 

Gas

 

 

plasma matter

 

Plasma

Online Activities

 

Water: Hydrogen and Oxygen Bond

 

Boiling Water: Molecules Speed Up

 

Heating a Solid

 

Solid, Liquid, Gas

Online Activities

 

Hot Water: Evaporation

 

Atoms in a Liquid

 

Atoms in a Solid

 

Changing States

Pearson Leveled-Readers (School must use Pearson login to view)

Click link, login, then click link again to activate

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade K

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade K

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade 1-2

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade 2-3

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade 2-4

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade 3-5

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade 4-6

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade 4-6

 

Energy Read-Along Book: Grade 1-4

Pearson Successnet - Scott Foresmen Science (School must use Pearson login to view)

Chapter 11 - Physical Science

 

Energy Lessons

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